 
        Since the writing of NASA/SP-6105 in 1995, systems engineering at the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), within national 
and international standard bodies, and as a discipline has undergone 
rapid evolution. Changes include implementing standards in the 
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9000, the use of 
Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute’s Capability Maturity 
Model® Integration (CMMI®) to improve development and delivery of 
products, and the impacts of mission failures. Lessons learned on 
systems engineering were documented in reports such as those by the NASA
 Integrated Action Team (NIAT), the Columbia Accident Investigation 
Board (CAIB), and the follow-on Diaz Report. Out of these efforts came 
the NASA Office of the Chief Engineer (OCE) initiative to improve the 
overall Agency systems engineering infrastructure and capability for the
 efficient and effective engineering of NASA systems, to produce quality
 products, and to achieve mission success. In addition, Agency policy 
and requirements for systems engineering have been established. This 
handbook update is a part of the OCE-sponsored Agency wide systems 
engineering initiative. In 1995, SP-6105 was initially published to 
bring the fundamental concepts and techniques of systems engineering to 
NASA personnel in a way that recognizes the nature of NASA systems and 
the NASA environment. This revision of SP-6105 maintains that original 
philosophy while updating the Agency’s systems engineering body of 
knowledge, providing guidance for insight into current best Agency 
practices, and aligning the handbook with the new Agency systems 
engineering policy. The update of this handbook was twofold: a top-down 
compatibility with higher level Agency policy and a bottom-up infusion 
of guidance from the NASA practitioners in the field. The approach 
provided the opportunity to obtain best practices from across NASA and 
bridge the information to the established NASA systems engineering 
process. The attempt is to communicate principles of good practice as 
well as alternative approaches rather than specify a particular way to 
accomplish a task. The result embodied in this handbook is a top-level 
implementation approach on the practice of systems engineering unique to
 NASA. The material for updating this handbook was drawn from many 
different sources, including NASA procedural requirements, field center 
systems engineering handbooks and processes, as well as non-NASA systems
 engineering textbooks and guides.
